Something else I’d look at is whether the debris is actually coming back through the returns after vacuuming. I had a situation where I was vacuuming to the filter like normal, pool looked perfect, then the next morning that same “dust” layer was back again. Drove me crazy for a while.
What ended up happening was the really fine stuff was passing through the filter during vacuuming, then slowly settling again once the water got calm overnight. My filter pressure looked totally normal so I assumed it was fine, but when I checked the pressure against my clean baseline it was about 5 psi higher than it should have been. The media inside the filter was starting to channel a bit.
After doing a long backwash and then running the pump for a full day to keep things moving, the floor finally stayed clean. Also noticed the returns were pointed mostly across the surface, so the deep end floor had very little movement and that fine dust would just settle there again.
If you try brushing the area lightly and it turns into a little cloud instead of staying gritty, that’s usually a sign the particles are super fine and just slipping past the filter for a bit before settling again. Happens a lot with dust after windy days.