If pressure drops normally after a backwash but shoots back up by the next day, the filter usually is not “broken,” it is either catching a ton of super fine stuff you cannot really see, or the sand bed is starting to channel/clump. I have seen this when pollen is heavy or when algae is in the early stages, the water looks clear, but the filter is working hard and pressure climbs fast.
what I would try first is making sure your backwash plus rinse is done right (rinse 20 to 30 seconds), then keep chlorine more consistent for a few days and brush corners and steps so you are not feeding the filter with constant fine algae. If it keeps happening, try a deep clean on the sand filter (not just a normal backwash). And if your sand is older (a few years) and this keeps getting worse, it may simply be time to replace the sand because it starts clumping and filtering unevenly.