I went through this exact thing a while ago and it drove me crazy for days. The pump would prime perfectly, then a few minutes later I’d see a bunch of air in the basket again. Turned out the culprit was the drain plug on the front of the pump, it had a tiny air leak that I completely missed. I wrapped the threads with a bit of Teflon tape, tightened it back up, and the problem disappeared right away.
If you’ve already checked the lid and O-ring, give the drain plug, unions, and suction fittings another look. Even a small air leak there can pull in enough air to mess with priming.